These instructions are also available in PDF format. Download author warranties and checklists here.

Publication Schedule

The approximate submission-to-publication schedule for AJA articles is 10–15 months.

Editorial Policy, Instructions for Contributors, and Abbreviations

The following expands and supersedes the notes for contributors and list of abbreviations published in AJA 111 (2007) 3–34. Authors are requested to observe the following instructions when preparing manuscripts for submission to the AJA. For guidance on issues not addressed below, authors are referred to The Chicago Manual of Style, 16th ed. (Chicago 2010; hereafter ChicagoMS¹⁶).

Editorial Policy

1.1
The American Journal of Archaeology, the journal of the Archaeological Institute of America, is one of the oldest and most widely circulated journals of archaeology in the world. Founded in 1885, its second series was begun in 1897. The scope of the AJA is defined by the Governing Board of the Archaeological Institute of America as "the art and archaeology of ancient Europe and the Mediterranean world, including the Near East and Egypt, from prehistoric to Late Antique times." The Editor-in-Chief welcomes the submission of manuscripts on any subject within that definition. Submissions that announce discoveries, present new information, or break new theoretical ground are especially welcome, as are articles that deal with methodological issues, offer theoretical frameworks for interpretation of archaeological data, or explore the symbiosis between field methodology and the analysis of material culture. The AJA will continue to publish interim reports from excavations when those reports highlight the emerging importance of the work to the discipline as a whole. The Editor-in-Chief also welcomes interdisciplinary studies that illuminate in novel ways the art and archaeology of the ancient world (see N.J. Norman, "A Letter from the Editor-in-Chief," AJA 113 [2009] 1).

1.2
In keeping with the revised (2004) policy of the Archaeological Institute of America, the AJA will not accept any article that serves as the primary publication of any object or archaeological material in a private or public collection after 30 December 1973 unless its existence is documented before that date or it was legally exported from the country of origin. An exception may be made if, in the view of the Editor-in-Chief, the aim of the article is to emphasize the loss of archaeological context. Reviews of exhibitions, catalogues, or publications that do not follow these guidelines should state that the exhibition or publication in question includes material without known archaeological findspot (see N.J. Norman, "Editorial Policy on the Publication of Recently Acquired Antiquities," AJA 109 [2005] 135–36).

1.3
In addition to articles, the AJA publishes field reports and newsletters on the archaeology of various regions, comprehensive reviews of the "state of the discipline," forum discussion pieces, obituaries, museum exhibition reviews, book reviews, and review articles (see the editorial statements of the Book Review Editors and Museum Review Editor in AJA 112 [2008] 353 and in AJA 112 [2008] 531 and §6.1 and §7.1 below). Announcements of interest to AJA readers are published in Outlook, an advertising supplement published in tandem with each issue. Awards presented at each annual meeting of the Archaeological Institute of America are published in the April issue.

1.4
An important aim of the AJA is to publish articles that reflect its broad scope and wide readership. Manuscripts should therefore avoid being too narrowly focused and must be written in a style that is clear and accessible.

1.5
Manuscripts submitted to the AJA are reviewed by appropriate experts without exception. While the members of the AJA Advisory Board often serve as reviewers, manuscripts are also screened by other experts in North America and abroad. Most submissions are read by two scholars in addition to the Editor-in-Chief.

Preparation of Copy

Initial Submissions

2.1
To submit a manuscript for consideration for publication in the AJA, go to www.editorialmanager.com/ajaonline and click "Register Now." Once you have registered, you will receive an email with instructions for verifying your account, including the username and password you will need for this verification. Once your account is verified, you can change your username and password.

To upload a manuscript, go to www.editorialmanager.com/ajaonline, log in as Author, and follow the instructions. You will need to upload your abstract (100–200 words), manuscript (as a Microsoft Word file), and figures. The manuscript should include text, endnotes, list of works cited, and figure captions. It should be typed double-spaced in 12-point Times New Roman font with 1-inch margins on all sides and should conform as much as possible to AJA formatting guidelines. Use the New Athena Unicode font for Greek (free to download from http://apagreekkeys.org/NAUdownload.html). Tables should not be embedded in the text; place them instead at the end of the Word file and label as table 1, 2, etc. The online system can accommodate high-resolution figures; authors are encouraged to take advantage of this capability so reviewers will have good-quality images to refer to during the review process. Upload all your figures and label them as figure 1, 2, 3, etc. Make every effort to maintain anonymity in the text and do not include any information in headers or footers in the Word file. If you run into problems, contact ajaedit@uga.edu. Authors are encouraged to use the Checklist for Initial Submissions.

Each submission is reviewed, usually by two outside referees who are asked to return their reports within six weeks. After the reviews are received, authors are informed of the Editor-in-Chief's decision to accept, reject, or resubmit and are given copies of the reviewers' reports.

Non-native English language speakers are strongly advised to have their manuscripts read and edited by a native English speaker prior to submission.

Revised Submissions

2.2
When a manuscript is accepted for publication, the author will be asked to provide original figures and a revised version of the text that conforms to the guidelines outlined in §§2.3–4 below. If a manuscript is improperly prepared, the author will be asked to resubmit a revision in accordance with these guidelines. A revised manuscript should be submitted within five months of acceptance or it may need to be reviewed again. A manuscript will not be scheduled for publication until all files, a signed author’s warranty, and copyright permissions have been received and approved. Once the revised manuscript has been submitted, no major changes to the text will be allowed. Authors are encouraged to use the Checklist for Final Submissions.

2.3
General format. Revised manuscripts should be submitted electronically at www.editorialmanager.com/ajaonline. You will need to upload your revised abstract (100–200 words), manuscript (as a Microsoft Word file), and figures. The manuscript should include text, endnotes, list of works cited, and figure captions. It should be typed double-spaced in 12-point Times New Roman font with 1-inch margins on all sides and should conform as much as possible to AJA formatting guidelines. Tables should not be embedded in the text; place them instead at the end of the Word file and label as table 1, 2, etc. Upload all your figures and label them as figure 1, 2, 3, etc.

2.3.1
Paragraphs. Paragraphs should be justified to the left margin and unindented. Use a double return after each paragraph.

2.3.2
Page numbering. All pages, including captions, endnotes, etc., should be numbered in the upper right-hand corner. Pages should be numbered consecutively throughout the text, not by individual sections.

2.3.5
Notes. The AJA does not use in-text citation, except for references to primary ancient sources. Notes should be formatted as endnotes, not footnotes; they should be numbered in one series, double-spaced on pages assembled at the end of the text. Notes must be formatted according to the guidelines given below (§4.3). Authors should make every effort to keep notes concise (a note should not exceed 200 words).

2.3.6
Acknowledgments. Acknowledgments should be placed immediately before the first note and referenced by an asterisk at the end of the abstract.

2.3.7
Tables. Tables should replace text, not duplicate it, and should be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals. All sections of tables should be double-spaced. A short caption should be placed above each table. Tables must be submitted in Microsoft Word and should be included as separate files. Complex tables are best submitted as figures.

Long tables are best presented on a maximum of one published page, which equates to 35–40 one-line rows in Microsoft Word (fewer if there are several table footnotes). AJA tables do not contain internal rule lines, and a dash is used in cells to indicate no data or information is available. Authors should refer to past issues of the journal for examples of table format.

AJA production staff reserves the right to ask for revisions of tables to accord with these guidelines.

2.3.8
List of figures. References to figures in the text must appear in consecutive order (e.g., fig. 1 is called out before fig. 2, which is called out before fig. 3, etc.; fig. 2a is called out before fig. 2b, which is called out before fig. 2c, etc.). A list of figures with appropriate captions and credits should be provided at the end of the manuscript text. Captions should be set as suggested below, with credits placed in parentheses and ending with a period (see also §8.2.3):

Fig. 1. Detail of the northwest corner of the Sanctuary of Apollo with an earlier street superimposed on it.
Fig. 2. Trench 1, section a, northern elevation with strata indicated, from the south. The foundation trench is represented by deposits 4–8 and 17 (drawing by S. Schmidt).
Fig. 3. Corridor Z, layout of the decoration, assembled by the author (Paley and Sobolewski 1987, pl. 4; courtesy R. Sobolewski).
Fig. 4. Vedder painting concentric circles on the skyphos. Note the tilt of the pivot in the direction of motion (R. Schreiber).

2.3.9
List of works cited. A list of sources cited in the text must accompany revised submissions, with full bibliographic information according to the guidelines given below (§§4.2, 4.6–11, 5.1–4).

2.3.10
Figures. With the revised manuscript, authors may submit original hard copy figures or digital files. The former should be of professional quality and numbered consecutively and marked on the reverse with the author’s name and an indication of the top of the image. Instructions concerning the submission of digital figures are provided by the Editor-in-Chief upon manuscript acceptance and are available for download (see also §§8.4–6 below).

2.3.11
Checks. Prior to submitting your revised manuscript, please download and perform the manuscript checks listed in the Author Checklist for Final Submissions (available at www.ajaonline.org/submissions/forms).
 

Revised Submissions Accepted for Publication

2.4
Warranty. All authors must read and sign an author's warranty before the manuscript can be published. The author warranty form can be downloaded from www.ajaonline.org/submissions/forms.

2.5
Proofs. The AJA production office will email authors PDF-formatted page proofs of the copyedited and proofread article, with figures and tables in place and with instructions for making corrections. While authors may clarify or modify the text in minor ways at this point, no major revisions are permitted. It is therefore crucial that authors submit the revised text in its final form. Corrected proofs should be returned within one week of receipt.

2.6
Reprints. One PDF reprint of the final published article is provided free of charge. Authors are given the opportunity to purchase hard copy reprints.

General Matters of Style

3.1
Spelling and Capitalization. The American style of spelling should be used. When there are alternative ways of spelling a word, the first choice in Webster's Third New International Dictionary (Springfield, Mass. 1986) is preferred. Authors should be consistent in their use of capitalization. Overcapitalization should be avoided; many words that are commonly capitalized may be lowercased (see in general ChicagoMS¹⁶ §§8.18–153).

Most period designations are lowercased:

late antiquity
ancient Greece
imperial Rome

Cultural periods recognized by archaeologists based on characteristic technology or ­typology are capitalized:

Bronze Age
Archaic period
Late Antique period

The terms "classical" and "archaic" are only capitalized when used with the word "period" (Classical period) or with a specific division of a cultural period (Late Classical literature) or when the meaning can be misconstrued:

classical art; classical vase painters; Early Classical polis; classical Athens; Late Classical Athens
archaic Greek pottery; Late Archaic art

The names of specific buildings, monuments, artifact collections/groupings, and parts of cities are capitalized. The generic form is set in lower case:

the East Gymnasium; the gymnasium
the Athenian Agora; the agora
Roman Forum; the forum
Treasury of Athens; Athenian treasury
Wall P
Tomb 4
Room 5
Group IV

Excavation areas and units are set in lower case:

stratum 3
level 2
trench a

Proper nouns as adjectives should be avoided unless such a construction has become conventional:

the Temple of Athena (not the Athena Temple)
but
Athenian Agora

3.2
Numbers. Roman numerals should be avoided whenever possible. Cardinal and ordinal numbers less than 10 should be spelled out. Arabic numerals should be used for all numbers 10 and above. If a number occurs in a phrase in which most of the numbers are above nine, use Arabic numerals for all:

first century
nine sherds
10th century
11 coins, 15 lamps, and 3 statuettes

Use Arabic numerals when referring to parts of text (use abbreviated version when appearing in parentheses):

chapter 2 (ch. 2)
table 4
appendix 3 (appx. 3)
figure 9 (fig. 9)

3.3
Measurements. All measurements should be expressed using the metric system, with Arabic numerals and abbreviated units unless they appear at the beginning of a sentence:

The base of the vase measures 10 cm in diameter.
Twenty-five rim sherds were found in the trench.

If multiple measurements and dimensions are cited, they should be brought to the same decimal point, using the following format:

1.5 x 1.9 m
0.3–0.5 cm in height

Measurements and dimensions in running text and in tables do not have to be brought to the same decimal point.

3.4
Chronological references. Era designations should be set in capital letters followed by periods and without spaces, never in small caps. The AJA uses B.C.E. ("before the common era") and C.E. ("common era"), not B.C. and A.D.

All numerical dates are to be written in their entirety, except in cases of conventional epigraphic usage:

211–202 B.C.E.
117–138 C.E.
208/9 C.E.; 293/2 B.C.E.

References to decades should be identified by their century and expressed in numerals. No apostrophe is needed between the year and the "s":

240s

In citing radiocarbon dates, "b.p." may be used for uncalibrated determinations, but it is advisable to specify this convention at the first mention in the text (B.P. should be avoided):

4000 b.p. (uncalibrated)

Modern dates should be cited as day/month/year, without punctuation:

15 January 1996

3.5
Abbreviations. Units of measurement should be abbreviated in the text (m, cm, ht.). Common abbreviations (fig., pl., e.g., i.e.) should be used in notes and parenthetical references within the text but otherwise written in full:

Horizontal bands below the rim on the interior of bowls and lids (e.g., fig. 15) are common.
or
As can be seen in figure 15, for example, horizontal bands below the rim on the interior of bowls and lids are common.
or
¹ See, e.g., fig. 15 for horizontal bands below the rim on the interior of bowls and lids.

3.6
Transliteration of Greek words and names. In the transliteration of Greek, most Latinate forms of Greek words or proper names that have come into general use may be employed. Authors are at liberty to use any system of transliteration that is intelligible and reasonably consistent, although the editors reserve the right to modify it to conform to current AJA editorial policy. Authors who wish to do so may follow the system recommended in AR 45 (1998–1999) inside cover. Systems for the transliteration of other languages may be found in Manual of Foreign Languages, 4th ed. (G.F. von Ostermann [New York 1952]).

3.7
References to classical literature. Latin titles are preferred, italicized according to the list of abbreviations given in The Oxford Classical Dictionary, 3rd rev. ed. (S. Hornblower and A. Spawforth, eds. [Oxford 2003]; hereafter OCD³), followed by the appropriate book, chapter, paragraph, or line numbers, separated by periods. Any author/work not abbreviated in OCD³ should be spelled out in full. Authors’ names and titles should be written in full when appearing in the text and abbreviated when appearing in notes or parenthetical references within the text. Capitalization of works should follow that in OCD³:

As noted by Vitruvius (De arch. 2.3.3)
Vitruvius notes in De architectura (2.3.3)
¹ Vitr., De arch. 2.3.3

3.8
Foreign terms and phrases. Isolated words in a foreign language that are likely to be unfamiliar to readers, such as technical terms, should be set in italics throughout the text. Familiar words and phrases in a foreign language should be set in Roman type unless there is a risk of confusion with an identically spelled English word.

in situ
terminus post quem
raison d'être
limes

3.9
Inscriptions. Inscriptions should be marked according to the Leiden system, as outlined in The Study of Greek Inscriptions, 2nd ed. (A.G. Woodhead [Cambridge 1981] 6–11) and Conventions in Editing: A Suggested Reformulation of the Leiden System (S. Dow [Durham 1969]). Inscriptions quoted within the text should be written with a division of lines corresponding to those on the stone:

Inscriptions of 50 words or fewer and inscriptions appearing in notes may be written continuously, with a single upright line ( | ) used to mark the beginning of each line and a double upright line ( || ) used to indicate the beginning of every fifth line:

Inscriptions in corpora are cited using Arabic numerals only by inscription number, without page references, the abbreviation "no.," or intervening periods/commas:

IG 2² 65 line 23
CIL 1(2) 327

Bibliographical References and Footnotes

General Policy

4.1
Notes may contain explanation, amplification, or commentary in addition to short bibliographical citations whose full form is given in a list of all cited works published at the end of the manuscript. No in-text citations should be used, except for references to primary ancient sources.

Format and Style

4.2
Works cited. Manuscripts end with a list of all works cited, in alphabetical order by last name of first author. Sample citations are provided in §§4.6–11 and 5.4 below. Authors are encouraged to consult in addition ChicagoMS¹⁶ §§15.5–19.

4.3
Notes. Notes may consist of discussion only, discussion and bibliographical citation, or bibliographical citation only. Bibliographical citations in notes should appear in chronological order and be drawn from the list of cited works. These citations should consist of the author’s last name, the year of publication, and relevant inclusive pages, sections, figures, plates, etc. Each note should not exceed 200 words.

4.3.1
Notes with bibliographical citations only. Notes containing no supplementary information should be formatted as follows:

Single-volume works cited
¹ Harrison 1982, 40–53.
² Blümel 1966, pl. 36b.
³ Jones 1937, 30 n. 23.

Multiple-volume works cited
¹ Lane 1904, 1:71–2.

Multiple works cited
¹ Carlisle 1998, 265–87; see also Margreth 1993; Balzer 1996, 164–82.
² Margreth 1993; Balzar 1996, 164–82; Lancaster 1998, 1999.

Multiple references to the same work or author
¹ Lancaster 1998, 1999.
² Fitzmyer 1983, 47–106; 1990, 306.
³ Hamilton 1997a, 1997b.
⁴ Geagan 1995a, 16–20, 42.

4.3.2
Notes with discussion and bibliographical citations. Notes containing secondary discussion in addition to source documentation should be formatted in the author-date style as follows:

¹ Hallager (1996, 235) notes that the four "classic" nodule types had not yet appeared in MM II–III.
² The inscription has been dated by Robert (1966, 108–18; cf. Roueché 1993, 163) to the first century C.E. on the basis of the script.
³ Smith (1990, 40) follows the same line of reasoning as Hall 1992, 43.

4.3.3
Supra and infra references. When it is necessary to have notes refer to other notes, use "supra" and "infra" (without italics) instead of "above" and "below":

³¹ Although no paintings have been reported in Room X (supra n. 20), remains of wall paintings were found on the floor of neighboring Room S (Tomabechi 1986, 54).

The following should not be used: ad loc., ibid, idem, inter alia, loc. cit., op. cit., passim.

4.4
Abbreviations. Abbreviations of titles of periodicals and standard reference works are given in §9.1. Works not listed there should be written in full. Abbreviations of ancient authors and works should be those listed in OCD³ xxix–liv.

4.5
Page numbers. Do not use abbreviations such as f. or ff. for "following page(s)"; inclusive page references, separated by an en-dash, must be cited thus:

	7–14	100–4	523–29
	46–8	112–14	1004–7
	89–112	201–16	1396–430

Inclusive Roman numerals should be given in full:

xxii–xxxviii
cvi–cix

4.6
Sample references to books in list of works cited. The reference list entry is given first, followed by a sample note entry:

One author
Dyson, S.L. 1985. The Creation of the Roman Frontier. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
¹ Dyson 1985, 86.

Two or more authors
Curtis, J., and A. Green. 1997. Excavations at Khirbet Khatuniyeh. London: British Museum Press.
¹ Curtis and Green 1997, 104–5.

Hunter, J., C. Roberts, and A. Martin. 1997. Studies in Crime: An Introduction to Forensic Archaeology. New York: Routledge.
¹ Hunter et al. 1997, 46–51.

Editor or translator as author
Colonna, G., ed. 1996. L'altorilievo di Pyrgi: Dei ed eroi greci in Etruria. Rome: L’Erma di Bretschneider.
¹ Colonna 1996, fig. 18.

Krzyzaniak, L., K. Kroeper, and M. Kobusiewicz, eds. 1996. Interregional Contacts in the Later Prehistory of Northeastern Africa. Studies in African Archaeology 5. Poznan: Poznan Archaeological Museum.
¹ Krzyzaniak et al. 1996, 37.

Sommerstein, A.H., ed. and trans. 1982. Clouds. Comedies of Aristophanes 3. Chicago: Bolchazy-Carducci.
¹ Sommerstein 1982, 162 n. 52.

Editor or translator with author
Hakemi, A. 1997. Shahdad: Archaeological Excavations of a Bronze Age Center in Iran. Translated by S.M.S. Sajjadi. New Delhi: Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente.
¹ Hakemi 1997, 453.

Organization or association as author
École Française de Rome. 1995. Les Grecs et l'Occident: Actes du colloque de la villa "Kérylos" (24–25 octobre 1991). CÉFR 208. Rome: École Française de Rome.
¹ École Française de Rome 1995, 142–51.

Book in a series (with series in AJA list of abbreviations)
Buitron-Oliver, D. 1996. The Sanctuary of Apollo Hylates at Kourion: Excavations in the Archaic Precinct. SIMA 109. Jonsered: Paul Åströms Förlag.
¹ Buitron-Oliver 1996, 55–7.

Book in a series (with series not in AJA list of abbreviations)
Knauß, F.S. 1997. Der lineare Inselstil: Eine kykladische Keramikwerkstatt am Übergang von der spätgeometrischen zur archaischen Zeit. Saarbrücker Studien zur Archäologie und alten Geschichte 13. Saarbrücken: Saarbrücker Druckerie und Verlag.
¹ Knauß 1997, 98–116.

Book in more than one edition
Feder, K.L. 1996. Frauds, Myths, and Mysteries: Science and Pseudoscience in Archaeology. 2nd ed. Mountain View, Calif.: Mayfield.
¹ Feder 1996, xii–xiii.

Pedley, J.G. 1997. Greek Art and Archaeology. Rev. ed. New York: Harry N. Abrams.
¹ Pedley 1997, fig. 4.

Book in more than one volume (citing the work as a whole)
Kiderlen, M. 1995. Megale Oikia: Untersuchungen zur Entwicklung aufwendiger griechischer Stadthausarchitektur: Von der Früharchaik bis ins 3. Jhr. v. Chr. 2 vols. Hürth: Martin Lange.
¹ Kiderlen 1995, 1:247.

Book in more than one volume (citing a particular volume)
Caminos, R.A. 1998. Semna-Kumma. Vol. 2, The Temple of Kumma. London: Egypt Exploration Society.
¹ Caminos 1998, 100–17.

One volume in two or more books
Evans, A.J. 1928. The Palace of Minos at Knossos. Vol. 2, pt. 2. London: Macmillan.
¹ Evans 1928, 131–35.

Book in preparation for publication
Patton, K.C. Forthcoming. Religion of the Gods: Ritual, Paradox, and Divine Reflexivity. New York: Oxford University Press.
¹ Patton (forthcoming, 148).

Reprint edition
Myres, J.L. 1974. Reprint. Handbook of the Cesnola Collection of Antiquities from Cyprus. New York: Arno. Original edition, New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1914.
¹ Myers 1974, no. 43.

4.7
Sample references to parts of books in works cited list.

Chapters or other titled parts of a book
Snodgrass, A. 1990. "Survey Archaeology and the Rural Landscape of the Greek City." In The Greek City from Homer to Alexander, edited by O. Murray and S. Price, 113–36. Oxford: Oxford University Press and Clarendon Press.
¹ Snodgrass 1990, 113–19.

Hägg, R. 1998. "Osteology and Greek Sacrificial Practice." In Ancient Greek Cult Practice from the Archaeological Evidence, edited by R. Hägg, 49–56. SkrAth 8º, 15. Stockholm: Paul Åströms Förlag.
¹ Hägg 1998, fig. 1.

Chapter originally published elsewhere
Markle, M.M. 1999. "La sarisse macédonienne, la lance et l’équipement connexe." In La guerre en Grèce à l'époque classique, edited by P. Brulé and J. Oulhen, 149–72. Rennes: Presses Universitaires de Rennes. Originally published in AJA 81 (1977) 323–39.
¹ Markle 1999, 162–65.

Mendels, D. 1998. "The Polemical Character of Manetho's Aegyptiaca." In Identity, Religion, and Historiography: Studies in Hellenistic History, 139–57. Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha Suppl. 24. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic. Originally published in H. Verdin, G. Schepens, and E. De Keyser, eds., Purposes of History: Studies in Greek Historiography from the 4th to the 2nd Centuries B.C. (Leuven: Leuven University Press, 1990).
¹ Mendels 1998, 144–50.

Preface, foreword, introduction, and similar parts of a book
de Montebello, P. 1988. Foreword to Bronze and Iron: Ancient Near Eastern Artifacts in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, by O.W. Muscarella, 7. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
¹ de Montebello 1988.

Vermeule, E. 1972. Introduction to The Mycenaean Origin of Greek Mythology, by M.P. Nilsson, vii–xiii. Sather Classical Lectures 8. Berkeley: University of California Press.
¹ Vermeule 1972.

4.8
Sample references to journal articles.

Journal article (with journal in AJA list of abbreviations)
Büsing, H. 1982. "Metrologische Beiträge." JdI 97:1–45.
¹ Büsing 1982, 27–9.

Journal article (with journal not in AJA list of abbreviations)
Goren, Y., and I. Segal. 1995. "On Early Myths and Formative Technologies: A Study of Pre-Pottery Neolithic B Sculptures and Modeled Skulls from Jericho." Israel Journal of Chemistry 35:155–65.
¹ Goren and Segal 1995, 161.

Journal with no volume number
Pichard, M.P. 1992. "La composition architecture des temples de Pagan." CRAI:357–74.
¹ Pichard 1992, 372–73.

Book reviews
Smith, C. 1999. Review of Il Comizio di Roma dalle origini all'età di Augusto, by P. Carafa. AJA 103(3):571–73.
¹ Smith 1999, 571–72.

Wainwright, G. 1999. Review of The Archaeological Process: An Introduction, by I. Hodder. Antiquity 73:717–19.
¹ Wainwright 1999, 718.

4.9
Sample references to unpublished materials.

Theses and dissertations
Hoff, M.C. 1988. "The Roman Agora at Athens." Ph.D. diss., Boston University.
¹ Hoff 1988, 109–11.

Papers read at meetings
Schluntz, E.L. 1999. "From Palace to Bouleuterion at Petra: Continuity of Function in Civic Administrative Space After Roman Annexation." Paper read at the 1999 Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Religion and the Society of Biblical Literature, 20–23 November, Boston.
¹ Schluntz 1999.

Field notebooks
Lloyd, S. 1933–1994. "The Abu Temple Excavations." Unpublished field notebook. Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.
¹ Lloyd 1933–1994.

4.10
Sample references to privately printed materials.
Mommsen, T. 1883. Res gestae divi Augusti ex monumentis Ancyrano et Apolloniensi. Berlin: Privately printed.
¹ Mommsen 1883, 25.

4.11
Sample references to auction catalogues.
Christie's. 2007. Antiquities. Auction catalogue 1846. 8 June 2007, New York.
¹ Christie's 2007, cat. no. 25.
Hôtel Drouot. 1921. Collection Hirsch (première vente): Orfèvrerie, bronzes, pierres, marbres, céramique et verrerie; trouvaille de Sala Consilina; ivories, enluminures, terres cuites. Auction catalogue. 30 June–2 July 1921, Paris.
¹ Hôtel Drouot 1921.
Werke ägyptischer Kunst von der Frühzeit bis zur Spätantike. 1974. Auction catalogue 49. Basel: Münzen und Medaillen A.G.
¹ Werke ägyptischer Kunst 1974.

Citing Electronic Sources

General Policy

5.1
The citing of electronic sources should be treated, as much as possible, as bibliographic references to printed sources, with sufficient information provided to allow readers to locate original documents or sources of information. If printed versions of electronic sources exist, references should be made to the most recent and complete version.

The most common sources of electronic information are files on the Internet and electronic publications, such as CD-ROMs. Both are considered below.

Format and Style

5.2
References to files on websites. The list of works cited should contain full citations to the home page of a website and may include other pages, files, links, paragraphs, or graphics. The basic format for citing electronic sources in the reference list is as follows:

Author's Last Name, Initial(s) or Maintainer or Sponsoring Institution. Year, date of publication or last update. "Title of Document." Title of Site or Journal Name, volume number (year) [if applicable]. URL.

5.3
References to CD-ROMs and similar electronic publications. The basic format for citing electronic publications in the reference list is as follows:

Author's Last Name, Initial(s). Date of publication. "Title of Article." Title of Publication (Version or file number). Series name [if applicable]. City: Publisher or Distributor.

5.4
Sample references to electronic media in list of works cited. The reference list entry is given first, followed by a sample note entry:

Home page of a website
Lavan, L., and A. Gering. 2009. Kent-Berling Ostia Excavations. http://lateantiqueostia.wordpress.com.
¹ Lavan and Gering (2009) have recently designed a project to explore this topic.

Secondary page of a website
Lavan, L., and A. Gering. 2010, 26 November. "Bones Bring a New Story." Kent-Berlin Ostia Excavations. http://lateantiqueostia.wordpress.com.
¹ Lavan and Gering 2010.

Article in an online journal
Iverson, P. 2008, 3 September. "Virtual Seminar on Some Unpublished Inscriptions from Corinth IX." Current Epigraphy. www.currentepigraphy.org/2008/09/03/virtual-seminar-on-some-unpublished-inscriptions-fromcorinth-ix/.
¹ They still remain unpublished, although Iverson (2008) offered a virtual seminar on the inscriptions.

Online PDF
Yeganehshakib, R., and K. Rezakhani. 2009. "Sasanian Chemical Warfare? A Scientific Re-Assessment." Sasanika. www.humanities.uci.edu/sasanika/pdf/Sasanian%20Chemical%20Warfare.pdf.
¹ Yeganehshakib and Rezakhani 2009.

Online graphic
Crane, G., ed. 1997, September. The Perseus Project. www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/image?lookup=1991.09.0760.
¹ The remains of the south wall of the propylon can be seen in Crane (1997).

CD-ROM
Duchêne, H., and S. Girerd. 1998. Delos: A Database of Archaeological Images (U.S. version). Translated by N.K. Rauh, R.F. Townsend, and J.C. Bednar. New York: Educagri Éditions.
¹ Duchêne and Girerd (1998, fig. 4278) illustrate a Hellenistic bronze plaque from the Fountain of Minoe depicting Hekate at an altar.

Guidelines for Book Reviewers

Editorial Policy

6.1
The AJA seeks reviews that assess a book's strengths and weaknesses and locate it within the current field of scholarship. A review should not simply be a listing of contents, though its overall organization and emphasis are up to the individual reviewer. Reviewers should avoid lists of minor imperfections (e.g., misplaced commas) but should not hesitate to draw attention to serious editorial problems and errors of fact or interpretation. It is also helpful if reviewers indicate for which audiences and libraries the book seems appropriate. The Book Review Editors reserve the right to edit for content and length. Examples of other reviews in recent fascicles of the AJA may serve as models, and reviewers should read the editorial statement regarding reviews in AJA 112 (2008) 353. The AJA publishes all book reviews and some review articles exclusively on our website, as free, downloadable PDFs and HTML (www.ajaonline.org/bookreviews). Each review is tied to a specific issue of the Journal and is included in the table of contents of that printed issue. We continue to publish select review articles in the printed journal.

The AJA does not accept unsolicited reviews but welcomes inquiries from those who are interested in reviewing individual books. Those who wish to become reviewers should contact the Book Review Editors directly and provide a curriculum vitae that includes a list of publications.

Submissions

6.2
Reviews should be submitted to the Book Review Editors at bookreviews@aia.bu.edu. Book reviews should be submitted as Microsoft Word files, should be typed double-spaced in 12-point Times New Roman font with 1-inch margins on all sides, and should conform as much as possible to AJA formatting guidelines.

Format and Style

6.3
Heading. Each review should be preceded by a heading in standard AJA format listing the book to be reviewed, number of pages and figures, publisher, year of publication, price (if available), and ISBN:

The Mediterranean from 50,000 to 25,000 BP: Turning Points and New Directions
Edited by Marta Camps and Carolyn Szmidt. Pp. xxii + 354, figs. 135, tables 34, maps 15. Oxbow, Oxford 2009. $160. ISBN 978-1-842170314-5 (cloth).

The 2003 Excavations at Tol-e Baši, Iran: Social Life in a Neolithic Village
By Susan Pollock, Reinhard Bernbeck, and Kamyar Abdi (Archäologie in Iran und Turan 10). Pp. ix + 324, figs. 223, tables 134. Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 2010. €49.90. ISBN 978-3-8053-4261-2 (cloth).

Excavations by K.M. Kenyon in Jerusalem 1961–1967. Vol. 5, Discoveries in Hellenistic to Ottoman Jerusalem: Centenary Volume. Kathleen M. Kenyon 1906–1978
By Kay Prag (Levant Suppl. 7). Pp. xviii + 518, figs. 253, pls. 32, tables 20, plans 22, map 1. Oxbow, Oxford 2008. $150. ISBN 978-1-84217-304-6 (cloth).

The Archaeology of Tomb A1K1 of Orthi Petra in Eleutherna: The Early Iron Age Pottery
By Antonis Kotsonas. Pp. 397, figs. 74, color plates 6, tables 3, graphs 17. University of Crete, Athens 2008. Price not available. ISBN 978-960-88394-6-5 (paper).

6.4
Author information. Authors should supply their name, full mailing address, and email address at the end of the review. The Book Review Editors should be informed if authors wish proofs to be sent to another email address.

6.5
References. Notes and lists of works cited should only be used in review articles. References in single book reviews should be kept to a minimum and incorporated into the text itself, as follows:

Enough compartment seals occurred to suggest that they were in use locally and not just as imports (660).

In his discussion of Julius Caesar (ch. 4), Arafat suggests that Pausanias viewed Caesar’s refoundation of Corinth as the introduction to Greece of a large-scale and permanent Roman presence.

The equivocal nature of the archaeological remains cries for a more theoretically grounded approach, perhaps through ethnographic comparanda along the lines of The Archaeology of Rank (P.K. Wason [Cambridge 1994]).

For the earlier period he points in particular to the apsidal houses and the incised pottery at the Altis site at Olympia, which Rutter ("A Group of Distinctive Pattern-Decorated Early Helladic III Pottery from Lerna and Its Implications," Hesperia 51 [1982] 459–88) has identified as belonging to the early EH III.

Ryholt (The Political Situation in Egypt During the Second Intermediate Period, c. 1800–1550 B.C. [Copenhagen 1997] 104–5) has offered a different perspective on the palace.

Smith ("My Opinion," in F. Thomas, ed., A Series of Arguments [New York 1999]) offers a different perspective.

6.6
Quotations. Long quotations should be avoided.

Reviews Accepted for Publication

6.7
Warranty. All reviewers must read and sign an author's warranty before the review can be published.

6.8
Proofs. The AJA production office will email authors PDF-formatted page proofs of the copyedited and proofread book review with instructions for making corrections. While authors may clarify or modify the text in minor ways at this point, no major revisions are permitted. Corrected proofs should be returned within one week of receipt.

6.9
Reprints. One PDF reprint of review articles that appear in the printed journal is provided free of charge, and review article authors are given the opportunity to purchase hard copy reprints. Authors of online reviews can print copies of their review directly from the AJA website (www.ajaonline.org/bookreviews).

Guidelines for Museum Reviewers

Editorial Policy

7.1
In January 2005, the AJA launched Museum Reviews in the belief that temporary museum exhibitions may make important contributions to archaeological scholarship and so deserve critical examination by specialists in the Journal. Reviews of relevant exhibitions both in the United States and abroad, as well as new gallery installations, are considered. We also accept museum reviews for printable online posting only. Each online review is tied to a specific issue of the Journal and is included in the table of contents of that printed issue.

An AJA museum review should not simply list the contents of an exhibition or new gallery installation; rather, it should assess its strengths and weaknesses and locate it within the current field of scholarship. The organization and emphasis of the review are up to the individual reviewer, but reviewers should be willing to draw attention to serious problems of selection and interpretation and errors of fact. It is also helpful if reviewers indicate for which audiences the exhibition seems appropriate.

Reviewers are invited by the Museum Review Editor or the Editor-in-Chief, but suggestions of appropriate exhibitions for review are welcome. The AJA reserves the right to edit reviews for content and length. Examples of museum reviews in recent issues of the AJA may serve as models (www.ajaonline.org/museumreviews).

Submissions

7.2
Museum reviews should be submitted to nnorman@aia.bu.edu. Reviews should be submitted as Microsoft Word files, should be typed double-spaced in 12-point Times New Roman font with 1-inch margins on all sides, and should conform as much as possible to AJA formatting guidelines.

Digital photographs should be emailed as attachments. Original photographs should be mailed to American Journal of Archaeology, 656 Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02215-2006.

Format and Style

7.3
Heading. Each review should be preceded by a heading in standard AJA format listing the exhibition or gallery installation to be reviewed. If the exhibition is accompanied by a catalogue, the bibliographic information typically found in AJA book reviews should be included. For example:

PETRA: LOST CITY OF STONE. Cincinnati Art Museum, 14 September 2004–20 January 2005 and other venues, curated by Glenn Markoe.

PETRA REDISCOVERED, edited by Glenn Markoe. Pp. 287, figs. 281 (many in color), maps 2. Harry N. Abrams, New York 2003. $37.50 (paper); $70.00 (cloth). ISBN 0-8109-9128-4 (paper); 0-8109-4537-1 (cloth).

Although reviews cannot include a full critique of the catalogue, some comments about its relation to the exhibition and lasting scholarly value would be appropriate.

7.4
Author Information. Authors should supply their name, full mailing address, and email address at the end of the review. The Museum Review Editor should be informed if authors wish proofs to be sent to another email address.

7.5
Text. Reviews should run ca. 2,000–5,000 words. Notes and accompanying bibliography are permitted. For further information, please consult AJA General Editorial Policy (§§1.1–2) and AJA Abbreviations.

7.6
Photographs. Reviews may be accompanied by 3–5 photographs. No images will be published without written permission from the copyright holder.

Reviews Accepted for Publication

7.7
Warranty. All reviewers must read and sign an author's warranty before the review can be published.

7.8
Proofs. The AJA production office will email authors PDF-formatted page proofs of the copyedited and proofread review with instructions for making corrections. While authors may clarify or modify the text in minor ways at this point, no major revisions are permitted. Corrected proofs should be returned within one week of receipt.

7.9
Reprints. One PDF reprint of reviews that appear in the printed journal is provided free of charge, and print review authors are given the opportunity to purchase hard copy reprints. Authors of online reviews can print copies of their review directly from the AJA website (www.ajaonline.org/museumreviews).

Submitting Figures

General Policy

8.1
Before publication in the AJA, authors must supply figures of professional quality. At the discretion of the Editor-in-Chief, authors can submit supplementary digital figures for posting on the AJA website. The AJA allows one color figure free of charge. Additional color figures are provided at cost to the author (please contact the AJA Director of Publishing for rates).

Format and Style

8.2
Format. Authors should refer to recent AJA figures. All figures should be final and submitted according to the guidelines below. Authors should retain at least one original quality copy of all submitted hard copy figures, as the AJA cannot be responsible for material that is lost or damaged in the mail.

8.2.1
Size. Please refer to these published page dimensions:

	Inches	Picas	Centimeters
1-column width	3	18	7.6
Page width	6.4	38	16.3
Page length	9	54	22.9

8.2.2.
Labeling. Label all figures (hard copy or digital file) with author name and figure number. Note that the AJA does not use "plates."

8.2.3
Crediting sources. If figures are copied from another publication, ­acknowledgments must be made in the caption. Authors are responsible for obtaining any necessary permissions to ­reproduce copyrighted material. The following conventional designations should be noted:

"after" = possible redrafting but no change in information
"modified from" = some change
"adapted from" = radical changes
If no change is made to the figure, authors should only reference the source.
If the author holds rights to the figure, no credit is necessary.

8.3
Style

8.3.1
Lines and labels in graphs, plans, maps, and keys. Use clean black lines. On plans and maps, include a north arrow and a scale in km/m, as well as a key if appropriate. Graphs must have all axes and lines labeled. General titles of figures should appear in the figure caption, not in the figure itself.

8.3.2
Lettering. All lettering should be 8–10 point type size in a clear sans serif typeface. Authors should aim to keep all text in a figure (e.g., axis labels, scale text, inset text, etc.) approximately the same size to aid reducibility and/or enlargement and should avoid making the lettering too large for the figure. Avoid the use of boldface lettering, as the open spaces in the letters tend to fill when reduced. Place a white background behind lettering that crosses a dark or textured area.

Digital Figures

8.4
Digital figures should be named using author name, figure number, and file extension. Any multipanel figures (i.e., figures with parts labeled a, b, c, d, etc.) should, if possible, be submitted as individual files at the correct resolution (see below) with a supporting low-resolution file showing the layout. It is helpful if a high-quality hard copy of each figure is also supplied, printed at the preferred publication size (see §8.2.1). Supplied hard copies must match the digital files.

8.5
Format. The AJA accepts TIFF and EPS formats, as well as files in the following native formats, as long as the version of the application is noted and the file is labeled with the correct extension: Macromedia Freehand = .fh, Adobe Illustrator = .ai, Adobe Photoshop = .psd. Please note the resolution requirements below. We do NOT accept low-resolution (<300 dpi) images. JPEGs are not recommended.

8.6
Resolution. It is extremely important that the correct resolution be used when submitting digital artwork. The minimum requirements for resolution in raster files are:

• 1,200 dpi (dots per inch) for line art (Bitmap [.bmp] or Grayscale mode)
• 350 dpi for halftones (i.e., black-and-white photographs) (Grayscale mode)
• 350–400 dpi for color photographs
• 600 dpi for combination halftones (i.e., images containing illustrations/photographs and text labeling) (Grayscale mode)

All artwork should be submitted at actual size (i.e., 100% print dimensions). Crop figures so that no unnecessary white space is left bordering the figure. This will help to reduce the file size.

AJA Abbreviations